本文以自制甲酸铜为原料,在润滑油基础油的保护下,采用热分解方法成功制备出用作润滑油添加剂的纳米铜粉.本文还通过正交试验法研究了Cu~(2+)的初始浓度、球磨时间、热分解温度以及搅拌速度对铜粉粒径的影响,并用XRD和TEM对纳米铜粉进行了粒径计算和形貌观察;本文采用四球摩擦磨损机对添加了纳米铜粉润滑油添加剂的甲基硅油进行了极压性能P_B值的测试,测试结果表明;当制备工艺参数Cu~(2+)的初始浓度0.33mol/L、球磨时间12h、热分解温度200℃、搅拌速度30rad/min时,所制纳米铜粉粒径分布均匀,呈球形,表面未氧化,平均粒径为42nm;添加了纳米铜粉的甲基硅油的极压性能显著提高.
In order to prepare nanocopper particles,thermal decomposion of Cu(HCOO)_2 in the basiclubricating oil(150SN)under specified condition of temperature was applied by using self-made Cu(HCOO)_2 as a raw material.Influence of the concentration of Cu~(2+),time of ball milling,temperature of thermal decomposition and the speed of the stir on the diameter of nanocopper particles were studied.XRD and TEM were used to characterize the size and structure of the nanocopper particles.Experimental results show that the nanocopper particles are with spherical morphologies,their surfaces are not oxidized,and the particle sizes is about 42nm in average,when the concentration of Cu~(2+) is 0.33mol/L,time of ball milling is 12h,temperature of thermal decomposition is 200℃ and the speed of the stir is 30rad/min.The PB value of the silicon oil with the nanocopper particle additive,measured by a four-ball friction and wear tester,has been improved from 196N to 294N.
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