用经典的恒电势极化曲线方法研究了25℃下,浓度高达12N的盐酸对于45钢的腐蚀以及在8.7N(～28％)HCl中不同浓度六次甲基四胺(U)和2.4.6-三甲基吡啶(TMP)单独或复合加入时的缓蚀作用。发现盐酸浓度在8.7N以上时,阴极极化曲线趋于重合,使腐蚀作用的增加趋势逐渐减缓。在8.7NHCl中U是强烈的阴极缓蚀剂,它的缓蚀作用比TMP高出许多,当两者复合使用时,TMP中杂质较少时只超加和作用,但杂质较多时能产生强烈的协合作用。本文用在Fe/高浓盐酸界面上H~+Cl~-_“分子”达到饱和吸附,U又较强地吸附在H~+Cl~-表面这一观点,对上述现象进行了定性的解释。
The corrosion behavior of YB45 steel (0.485%C; 0.59%Mn;0.28% Si;0.012% S and 0.02%P)in HC1 up to 12 N and the inhibiting effect of different concentrations of hexamethy-lenetetramine (U) and 2, 4, 6-trimethyl-pyridine (TMP) added singly and in combination to 8.7N HCl were studied by the classica potentiostatic polarization method at 25℃. For acid concentrations above 8.7N without inhibitors, the cathodic polarization curves nearly coincide so that corrosion rates increase less significantly with increasing acid concentrations. In 8.7N HCl,U is a strong cathodic inhibitor while TMP is far less efficient. When the two inhibitors are used in conjunction, only additive effect can be observed,but some impurities inTMP in appreciable amount will cause strong synergism.These phenomena are explained by saturated adsorption of H~+Cl~- "molecules" in concentrated HC1 and the further adsorption of U on H~+Cl~- layer at the Fe/solution interface.
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