利用金相显微镜及SEM研究了在单向热锻拔长的工艺下，锻造比的不同对H13电炉钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：同一锻造比下H13电炉钢的横向冲击功明显小于纵向，且无论在钢锭的横向、纵向边部到心部的冲击功越来越差；不同的锻造比对横向冲击功影响不大，而随着锻造比的增大纵向冲击功增大。研究表明，单向热锻拔长不能有效地提高钢材横向止裂性能；电炉H13热作模具钢的锻比控制在4~6的范围内较为合适。
Effect of different forging ratios on microstructure and mechanical properties of electrical die steel (H13) was investigated by metallographic microscope and SEM under simplex stretching and hot-forging condition. The results show that transversal impact property is much less than longitudinal in the same forging ratio. Following the forging ratio increasing, it makes merely influence on the transversal impact property, while the longitudinal impact property increases. The research shows that, the cross direction crack arrest property won’t be effectively influenced by forging ratio under simplex stretching and hot-forging condition. The forging ratio of electrical hot die steel should be controlled in four to six, which is most appropriate.
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