以硅胶(SiO2) 和聚苯乙烯--丙烯酸(PSA)为原料制备SiO2/PSA核壳结构型复合粒子。在相转化法制备聚合物薄膜的基础上, 为避免粒子团聚提出以蒸汽方式代替传统的液滴方式, 将非溶剂缓慢而均匀地加入SiO2与PSA溶液的混合物中。采用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、激光粒度分析仪、热重分析、压汞仪和氮气吸附/脱附等方法对粒子的化学组成、形貌、粒径分布以及多孔结构特性作了分析和表征。结果表明, SiO2/PSA复合粒子具有核壳结构, 颗粒的分散性较好, PSA利用率几乎达到100%。聚合物溶液的浓度直接影响核壳粒子的表面形貌。与纯硅胶颗粒相比, 由于致密的PSA膜覆盖在多孔硅胶上, SiO2/PSA核壳复合粒子的孔隙率、比表面积、孔体积和平均孔径都大幅下降。
SiO2/PSA core–shell particles were prepared by silica (SiO2) coated with poly(styrene–co–acrylic acid) (PSA) membrane which was performed based on phase inversion principles. Non–solvent was introduced into the mixture of SiO2 and PSA solution by vapor phase instead of liquid phase in the traditional way, in order to avoid the aggregation of particles. The resulting core–shell particles were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser scattering particle analyzer, thermogravimetric analysis, mercury injection and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. The results showed that SiO2/PSA composite particles obtained core–shell structure and the surface morphologies were regulated by the concentration of PSA solution. Compared to the SiO2 particles, the porosity, surface area, pore volume and pore diameter of SiO2/PSA core–shell composite particles significantly decreased because of the dense PSA shell on silica.
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