采用浸渍法制备了以活性炭为载体的镍催化剂,用X射线衍射(XRD)和热重(TG)手段分别考察了前驱体及浸渍液溶剂对活性组分Ni在载体上分散度的影响.XRD测试结果表明,以水为浸渍液溶剂制得的催化剂,经550℃焙烧后,前驱体为Ni(NO3)2时,Ni的分散阈值为0.065 g/g,而前驱体为NiAc2时,Ni的分散阈值为0.058 g/g.对于前驱体为Ni(NO3)2的催化剂,若浸渍液溶剂用甲醇,Ni的分散阈值则为0.082 g/g,比水作溶剂时的阈值大.说明前驱体镍盐中的阴离子和浸渍液溶剂均对活性物种与载体之间的相互作用有影响,从而导致镍的分散容量有差异.TG的阈值分析结果略小于XRD的测试值.活性评价结果显示,负载Ni催化剂在甲醇气相羰基合成醋酸反应中存在较为明显的阈值效应.
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