利用静态高压釜腐蚀实验研究了Zr-0.7Sn-1Nb-0.03Fe-xCu-xGe (x=0,0.05,0.2,％,质量分数)系列合金在400℃/10.3 MPa过热蒸汽中的耐腐蚀性能;利用TEM和SEM分别观察了合金基体和氧化膜的显微组织.结果表明:同时添加0.05％Cu和0.05％Ge时,可以改善Zr-0.7Sn-1Nb-0.03Fe合金在400℃/10.3 MPa过热蒸汽中的耐腐蚀性能.合金显微组织的TEM观察和EDS分析表明:合金中存在4种第二相,分别是bcc结构的β-Nb,hcp结构的Zr(Nb,Fe)2,四方结构的Zr2Cu和Zr3Ge.本研究制备的Zr-0.7Sn-1Nb-0.03Fe-xCu-xGe合金中,Cu和Ge在α-Zr基体的最大固溶含量均小于0.05％,两种元素同时添加改变了单一元素添加时元素在α-Zr基体中的固溶度和第二相的析出.腐蚀220d时氧化膜的形貌表明:固溶在α-Zr基体中的Cu和Ge可以延缓氧化膜中显微组织的演化,从而改善了合金的耐腐蚀性能.
The corrosion resistance of Zr-0.7Sn-1Nb-0.03Fe-xCu-xGe (x=0,0.05,0.2,mass fraction,％) alloys was investigated in superheated steam at 400 ℃/10.3 MPa by autoclave tests.The microstructure of the alloys and oxide films on the corroded specimens were observed by SEM and TEM.The results show that the corrosion resistance of the Zr-0.7Sn-1Nb-0.03Fe-0.05Cu-0.05G-e alloy is improved by simultaneous addition of Cu and Ge.TEM and EDS analyses on the microstructure of the alloys indicate that there are four types of second phase particles (SPPs) precipitated,including β-Nb SPPs with a bcc structure,Zr(Nb,Fe)2 SPPs with a hcp structure,Zr2Cu and Zr3Ge SPPs with a tetragonal structure.The maximum solubility of Cu and Ge in α-Zr matrix in Zr-0.7Sn-1Nb-0.03Fe-xCu-xGe alloys is less than 0.05％.Adding two elements simultaneously change the solid solubility in α-Zr matrix and the SPPs precipitation compared with adding single element.The results obtained by the observation of the fracture surface morphology of oxide films reveal that Cu and Ge solution in α-Zr matrix can effectively slow down the microstructural evolution of oxide film,so as to improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
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