采用碱性水溶液萃取法,从酶解玉米秸秆残渣中提取到酶解木质素,然后用酶解木质素替代部分苯酚,成功研制得到酶解木质素改性酚醛树脂及其泡沫塑料.对酶解木质素改性酚醛树脂的机理及改性酚醛泡沫的表面形貌和性能进行了研究.结果表明,提取的酶解木质素具有典型的草本类木质素结构,其首先与苯酚发生缩合反应,生成的中间产物再与甲醛反应,从而成功地对酚醛树脂进行了改性.相对于普通酚醛泡沫,酶解木质素改性酚醛泡沫表面平整光滑、泡孔均匀,具有更好的力学性能和较低的掉渣率,克服了普通酚醛泡沫质脆易碎、容易掉渣的缺点,而其吸水性和保水性没有受到显著影响.
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