采用循环伏安和计时电流技术考察氯化胆碱-乙二醇低共熔溶剂中镍在铂电极上的电沉积行为,利用扫描电子显微镜及X射线衍射技术研究电流密度对镍镀层形貌及织构变化的影响.结果表明:镍在氯化胆碱-乙二醇低共熔溶剂中的电沉积过程是准可逆的,其形核/生长过程遵循Scharifker-Hill三维形核模型.初始阶段,镍离子的形核/生长过程按三维连续形核机制,随后趋向于三维瞬时形核机制.随电流密度的增大,镀层厚度增加,晶粒尺寸减小,镍(111)晶面择优取向减弱,镀层表面形貌则由锥形颗粒状变为不规则的多面体颗粒状,最后变为圆球形胞状结构.
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