对纯水体系以及NaCl溶液浓缩过程中真空膜蒸馏传递阻力的分布进行了研究,考察了操作条件对传递阻力分布的影响,分析了传递阻力在浓缩过程的变化原因.结果表明:在纯水体系下,温度和膜表面流速对膜阻力影响较小,其值在162～164.7(Pa·h·m2)/kg范围内变化;边界层阻力受操作条件影响较大,较低的流量和较高的料液温度导致较高的边界层阻力.在NaCl溶液浓缩过程中,渗透通量随浓缩时间起先呈缓慢下降趋势,传递阻力以边界层阻力和膜阻力为主,当料液浓度超过临界值时,渗透通量发生骤降,污染层阻力骤升,膜表面发生结晶污染.但利用清水冲洗受污染膜后,渗透通量恢复率95％左右.因此,控制浓缩终点的浓度低于临界点浓度将有效避免膜污染的形成.
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