用元素分析、X射线衍射和拉曼光谱等手段对不同结构成分的石墨纤维进行表征,研究了石墨结构与纤维中氮的关系.结果表明,在高温石墨化过程中,随着氮的减少,石墨微晶堆叠厚度和宽度不断增大,纤维的晶区取向度和石墨化度提高.氮含量大于0.08%时,石墨片层中有氮原子的位置会扭曲变形,不利于石墨微晶的生长,石墨微晶大小、晶区取向度及石墨化度增长比较缓慢;当氮元素含量小于0.08%时,由氮引起的石墨片层缺陷很少,石墨微晶大小、晶区取向度及石墨化度的增长速率随氮的减少而大幅度提高.脱除氮原子虽然不能引起石墨片层的生长,但是含氮石墨片层生长的控制步骤.
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