The effects of sulfur content and calcium addition on smooth axisymmetric tensile fracture ductility of case hardening steel DIN 18CrNiMo7-6 have been investigated. The quantitative metallographic analysis of sulfide inclusions and the correlations between sulfide inclusions and fracture ductility were examined. Sulfide inclusions were found to have deleterious effect on fracture ductility, whereas the effect can be offset to some extent by calcium-treat- ment due to less easily deforming of sulfides during hot-working. The product （AA·λAW） of sulfide inclusion area fraction （An） and its area-weighted aspect ratio （λAW） can be used as a parameter to describe the effect of sulfide inclusions on fracture true strain.
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