朱胜江
,
J.H. Hamilton
,
A.V. Ramayya
,
王建国
,
丁怀博
,
顾龙
,
J.K. Hwang
,
K. Li
,
S.H. Liu
,
N.T. Brewer
,
Y.X. Luo
,
J.O. Rasmussen
,
I.Y. Lee
,
徐强
,
杨韵颐
,
肖志刚
,
李红洁
,
马文超
原子核物理评论
doi:10.11804/NuclPhysRev.30.02.099
对于近年来清华大学与美国合作研究组在原子核结构实验研究中有关奇A核的多声子γ振动带方面的进展进行了评述。研究人员通过有效的国际合作，识别了质量数A=100丰中子核区的奇A核103Nb，105Mo，107Tc和109Tc中的两声子γ振动带，这是迄今为止国际上在奇A核的结构研究中发现的仅有的4例这样的结构。对于实验方法、研究结果以及这些多声子γ振动带的特性进行了评述，并对目前在多声子带其他方面的研究及今后进一步的工作进行了概述。
关键词:
原子核结构
,
高自旋态
,
多声子γ振动带
,
奇A核
Journal of Physics-Condensed Matter
Based on ab initio total energy calculations, Li, Na and Ag interstitials are found to be stable with at least a 1.56 eV energy barrier to transform to a zinc substitutional site in ZnO, whereas K interstitial has a relatively small energy barrier at 0.79 eV. The isolated dopant substitutional defects (LiZn, NaZn, KZn and AgZn) are found to be rather stable, with at least a 3.4 eV energy barrier to transform to an interstitial site. All of the dopant interstitials (Lii, Nai, Ki and Agi) are fast diffusers. The diffusion of Li interstitial is isotropic, whereas the diffusion of Na, K and Ag interstitials is highly anisotropic. Fundamental processes of the vacancy-assisted mechanisms are systematically investigated and specific values of the energy barriers are obtained.
关键词:
augmented-wave method
High Temperature Materials and Processes
In order to decrease the solubility of NiO cathode of molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and develop materials and coatings for separators in the cathode side of MCFC, dysprosium was introduced to modify nickel. In present paper, binary Ni-Dy alloys containing 1, 3 and 5 mass%Dy respectively were prepared. The alloys are two-phase composed of a nickel solid solution and an intermetallic phase Ni17Dy2. The oxidation behavior of the alloys at 923-1023K in air was evaluated by thermogravimetric tests coupled with some physical analysis techniques. The samples pre-oxidized at 923K for 100h were then immersed in molten (0.62Li,0.38K)(2)CO3 at 923K to examine the effect of Dy on the lithiation of NiO in the melt. The results indicated that the addition of dysprosium to nickel increased its oxidation rate, except for Ni-1Dy at 1023K. The scales formed on the alloys were composed of NiO with a trace of DY2O3. The lithiation of NiO in molten (Li,K)(2)CO3 could be favored by the addition of dysprosium. For comparison, binary Ni-Y alloys were also examined. The effect of yttrium on the air oxidation and molten (Li,K)(2)CO3 corrosion of nickel was similar to dysprosium, except that the Y-containing precipitates in Ni-Y alloys underwent very fast preferential corrosion while the Dy-containing intermetallic phases in Ni-Dy alloys not.
关键词:
molten carbonate fuel cell;Ni-Dy alloys;oxidation;molten carbonates;lithiation;fe-20cr alloys;behavior;600-800-degrees-c;coatings
High Temperature Materials and Processes
The ternary carbonate eutectic mixture of Li(2)CO(3), K(2)CO(3) and Na(2)CO(3) as a heat transfer and storage medium has excellent thermophysical properties, but with high viscidity as compared with some other inorganic salts such as chlorides and nitrates. The addition of chlorides or fluorides to molten carbonates may improve their fluidity, but possibly making the melt become more corrosive. In this study, the corrosion behavior of type 304, 310 and 316 stainless steels in an eutectic (Li,Na,K)(2)CO(3) melt with and without an eutectic mixture of NaCl and KCl at 973K in air have been examined. The experimental results indicated that 310 steel shows a much better corrosion resistance in molten carbonates than both 304 and 316 steels, due to the formation of a continuous LiCrO(2) scale. The addition of chlorides to carbonates melt accelerated the corrosion of the steels, especially 310 steel, producing scales with more porosity.
关键词:
Stainless steels;(Li,Na,K)(2)CO(3);(Na,K)Cl;molten salts corrosion;latent-heat-storage;potassium carbonates;lithium;sodium
刘颖
腐蚀与防护
为了探讨在熔融碳酸盐中加入氯化物对不锈钢的腐蚀作用的影响,采用浸泡方法研究了304和310不锈钢在添加了氯化物的700℃熔融(Li,Na,K)2CO3中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,两种不锈钢都遭受了严重腐蚀,不锈钢的快速腐蚀与循环的氯化-氧化反应有关.
关键词:
不锈钢
,
(Li,Na,K)2CO3-(Na,K)Cl
,
熔盐腐蚀
,
氯化-氧化
胡标
,
尹明
,
王庆平
,
闵凡飞
,
杜勇
兵器材料科学与工程
基于文献报道的实验数据,采用相图计算(CALPHAD:CALculation of PHAse Diagrams)方法对V-M(M=Li,Na,K,Sc,Ag)5个二元系进行相图热力学研究.通过热力学优化计算获得了一套描述液相、(V)、(Li)、(Na)、(K)、(αSc)、(βSc)和(Ag)相的热力学参数.V-Li、V-Na和V-K体系中的气相视为由组元V、Li、Li2、Na、Na2、K和K2混合的理想气体.与实验相图数据对比表明,获得的热力学参数能够准确地描述实验相平衡数据.
关键词:
V-M(M=Li,Na,K,Sc,Ag)
,
CALPHAD方法
,
相图
,
热力学模型
Journal of Power Sources
The dissolution of NiO cathodes and the balance between the corrosion and contact ohmic resistance of current collector materials in molten carbonates are great obstacles to the commercialization of molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC). Rare-earth element dysprosium was proposed to modify the NiO cathodes and to alloy nickel to explore its possible applications in MCFC. The measured solubility of NiO impregnated with 0.5-3 wt.% Dy in (0.62Li,0.38K)(2)CO3 at 650 degrees C in 60% CO-40% O-2 indicated that Dy addition increased noticeably the stability of NiO, while I wt.% Dy content produced better effectiveness. An investigation of the passive behavior of nickel and of Ni-Dy alloys containing 1-10 wt.% Dy in molten (Li,K)(2)CO3 with dynamic polarization measurements as well as X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the addition of Dy to nickel decreased its passive anodic current, and thus improved its corrosion resistance. The lithiation of NiO in the melt was a very significant reaction that could be promoted by the Dy additives to a certain extent, and increased the electrical conductivity of NiO. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词:
molten carbonate fuel cell;Dy;Ni-Dy alloys;NiO solubility;electrochemical polarization;carbonate fuel-cell;electrochemical impedance;oxidation behavior;fe-20cr alloys;base alloys;cathodes;solubility;oxide;mcfc;licoo2
谷亦杰
,
魏炳忱
,
张永刚
,
陈昌麒
金属学报
采用透射电镜(TEM)和Vickers硬度计研究了Al-Zn-Li-Mg-Cu合金在433 K的人工时效行为.结果表明,在等温时效动力学曲线上存在双阶段硬化行为.第一阶段硬化起因于合金基体上沉淀析出的δ′相(AlLi),时效强化效果来自δ′相;随着时效的进行,到达第二时效硬化峰,在合金基体上除了δ′相外,大量析出一种具有准晶结构的沉淀硬化相(命名为X相),此时,时效强化效果来自δ′相和X相.在X相的周围存在无δ′相析出区,表明X相含有Li原子.X相呈棒状,棒的长轴与基体的〈110)Al方向一致.EDS测试表明,X相富集Cu,Zn和Mg.
关键词:
Al-Zn-Li-Mg-Cu合金
,
null
