Ya-Qiang Wang
,
Zhao-Qi Hou
,
Jin-Yu Zhang
,
Xiao-Qing Liang
,
Gang Liu
,
Guo-Jun Zhang
,
Jun Sun
金属学报(英文版)
doi:10.1007/s40195-016-0372-7
Cu-Al/Al nanostructured metallic multilayers with Al layer thickness h Al varying from 5 to 100 nm were prepared, and their mechanical properties and deformation behaviors were studied by nanoindentation testing. The results showed that the hardness increased drastically with decreasing h Al down to about 20 nm, whereafter the hardness reached a plateau that approaches the hardness of the alloyed Cu-Al monolithic thin films. The strain rate sensitivity (SRS, m), however, decreased monotonically with reducing h Al. The layer thickness-dependent strengthening mechanisms were discussed, and it was revealed that the alloyed Cu-Al nanolayers dominated at h Al ≤ 20 nm, while the crystalline Al nanolayers dominated at h Al > 20 nm. The plastic deformation was mainly related to the ductile Al nanolayers, which was responsible for the monotonic evolution of SRS with h Al. In addition, the h Al-dependent hardness and SRS were quantitatively modeled in light of the strengthening mechanisms at different length scales.
关键词:
Nanostructured
,
films
,
Cu-Al/Al
,
multilayers
,
Hardness
,
Strain
,
rate
,
sensitivity
,
Layer
,
thickness
,
dependence
P. Fernandez G. Gonzalez I. Alfonso I.A. Figueroa
材料科学技术（英）
Two ternary Al-2.2Zn-0.95Mg and Al-5.5Zn-2.1Mg (in wt pct) alloys, with Zn:Mg ratios close to 2.5 were produced by conventional ingot casting metallurgy. The ingots were solution heat treated at 500°C for 0.5 h and aged at 180°C for times between 0.5 and 80 h. The structural characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and Vickers microhardness measurements (HV). The study was focused on the investigation of the precipitates formation and the relationship between hardness and lattice parameter for α-Al. The results showed that there was an inverse correlation for all the experimental conditions, and the aged peaks coincided with lattice parameter minima. Significant precipitates formation only occurred for the alloy containing 5.5 wt pct Zn and 2.1 wt pct Mg, provoking an important strengthening and variations in the lattice parameter, however, this was not observed for the alloy containing 2.2 wt pct Zn and 0.95 wt pct Mg. A plausible explanation of the increment of hardness values could be the presence of a well distributed μ phase (MgZn2). At initial stages of the precipitation process, μ' was the most abundant precipitate while the phase τ was observed at overaged conditions. These results showed that the aging response of the conventionally cast Al-Zn-Mg alloys could be obtained using the lattice parameter of the α-Al matrix, even for alloy systems with low precipitates formation.
关键词:
Aluminum alloy
,
X-ray diffraction
,
Precipitation
,
Lattice parameter
,
Hardness
F. Huang N.R. Tao K. Lu
材料科学技术（英）
The microstructures and hardness of pure Al samples subjected to plastic deformation with different temperatures and strain rates were investigated. The results showed that the strain-induced grain refinement is significantly benefited by increasing strain rate and reducing deformation temperature. The saturated size of refined subgrains in Al can be as small as about 240 nm in cryogenic dynamic plastic deformation (DPD). Grain boundaries of the DPD Al samples are low-angle boundaries due to suppression of dynamic recovery during deformation. Agreement of the measured hardness with the empirical Hall-Petch relation extrapolated from the coarse-grained Al implies that the low-angle boundaries can contribute to strengthening as effective as the conventional grain boundaries.
关键词:
Dynamic plastic deformation
,
Microstructure
,
Hardness
,
Strain rate
,
Temperature
F.T.Cheng
材料科学技术（英）
The present communication addresses an interesting problem related to the indeterminacy in hardness of superelastic NiTi reported by Xu et al. The origin of the indeterminacy is attributed to the inadequacy of the conventional Vickers hardness testing measurement which does not record elastic deformation, and thus the indeterminacy may be removed with suitable techniques. Concepts of hardness in relation to deformation are clarified. Recommendations for measuring the hardness of NiTi and other elastic-plastic materials are suggested, together with comments on the advantages and disadvantages of each of these methods.
关键词:
Hardness
,
null
,
null
,
null
,
null
,
null
F. Huang N.R. Tao K. Lu
材料科学技术（英）
The microstructures and hardness of pure Al samples subjected to plastic deformation with different temperatures and strain rates were investigated. The results showed that the strain-induced grain refinement is significantly benefited by increasing strain rate and reducing deformation temperature. The saturated size of refined subgrains in Al can be as small as about 240 nm in cryogenic dynamic plastic deformation (DPD). Grain boundaries of the DPD Al samples are low-angle boundaries due to suppression of dynamic recovery during deformation. Agreement of the measured hardness with the empirical Hall-Petch relation extrapolated from the coarse-grained Al implies that the low-angle boundaries can contribute to strengthening as effective as the conventional grain boundaries.
关键词:
Dynamic plastic deformation
,
Microstructure
,
Hardness
,
Strain rate
,
Temperature
Lizeng Ling Shiguo Long Zengsheng Ma Xu Liang
材料科学技术（英）
In this paper, mechanical properties of Nickel film under residual stress have been systematically examined by finite element method in nanoindentation. It was found that load-displacement curves shifted under elastic residual stress and residual stress exceeded the yield stress for fixed indentation depth. Indentation profiles changed monotonously with compressive and tensile stresses at peak force which determinates contact area observed directly by finite element modeling (FEM). The elastic residual stress has an effect slightly on the hardness but residual stress exceeded the yield stress shows a remarkable effect in nickel film. The hardness increased when residual stress exceeded the yield stress increased under tensile and compressive stress applied to specimen. The relationship between residual stress and hardness was linear. It was found that residual stresses didn0t affect elastic modulus whether elastic residual stress or plastic stress was applied to specimen.
关键词:
Residual stress
,
Hardness
,
Elastic Modulus
,
Indentation profile
,
Finite element method
J.J. Liang
材料科学技术（英）
MCrAlY can serve as stand-alone overlay coatings or bond coats in thermal barrier coating systems, and its properties play a vital role in determining the performance of these coating systems. In order to further understand the behavior of MCrAlY coatings, several NiCoCrAlY model alloys with different levels of Re (0.3 wt%, 6 wt%, and 9 wt%) were investigated. Microstructural observation showed the addition of Re promoted the precipitation of Cr-rich phases, such as α-Cr and σ. The presence of α-Cr lowered the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the coating alloys, which could reduce the CTE mismatch at the scale-metal interface. The solid solution strengthening effect of Re is responsible for an increase in Rockwell hardness of the coating alloys. But the isothermal oxidation resistance at 1100°C was deteriorated due to the precipitation of brittle α-Cr phase, a phase of inferior oxidation resistance compared with β-NiAl and γ-Ni.
关键词:
NiCoCrAlY
Nairong TAO
,
Weiping TONG
,
Zhenbo WANG
,
Wei WANG
,
Manling SUI
,
Jian LV
,
Ke LU
材料科学技术（英）
A porosity-free and contamination-free surface layer with grain sizes ranging from nanometer to micrometer in Fe samples was obtained by surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) technique. Mechanical and wear properties of the surface layer in the SMATed and annealed Fe samples were measured by means of nanoindentation and nanoscratch tests, respectively. Experimental results showed that the hardness of the surface layer in the SMATed Fe sample increased evidently due to the grain refinement. The elastic moduli of the surface layers in the SMATed and annealed Fe samples were unchanged, independent of grain size in the present grain size regime. Compared with the original Fe sample, the wear resistance enhanced and the coefficient of friction decreased in the surface layer of the SMATed Fe sample.
关键词:
Nanocrystallites
,
null
,
null
,
null
,
null
Weixin HAN
金属学报(英文版)
doi:10.1016/S1006-7191(08)60087-3
A study has been carried out on the feasibility of using high iron content wastes, generated during steel making, as a raw material for the production of glass ceramic. The iron-rich wastes were mixed and melted in different proportions with soda-lime glass cullet and sand. The devitrification of the parent glasses produced from the different mixtures was investigated using differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of the glass-ceramic were assessed by hardness and indentation fracture toughness measurement. A glass ceramic with mixture of 60 wt pct iron-rich wastes, 25 wt pct sand, and 15 wtpct glass cullet exhibited the best combination of properties, namely, hardness 7.9 GPa and fracture toughness 3.75 MPa.m1/2, for the sake of containing magnetite in marked dendritic morphology. These new hard glass ceramics are candidate materials for wear resistant tiles and paving for heavy industrial floors.
关键词:
Iron-rich wastes
,
null
,
null
,
null
M.Ahmad
,
W.Ahmad
,
M.A.Shaikh
,
Mahmud Ahmad
,
M.U.Rajput
材料科学技术（英）
Precipitation in Inconel 625 alloy has been studied by positron annihilation spectroscopy and electron microscopy. The observed dependence of annihilation characteristics on aging time is attributed to the change of the positron state due to the increase and decrease of the density and size of the γ″ precipitates. Hardness measurements and lifetime measurements are in good agreementr
关键词:
Positron lifetime
,
null
,
null
,
null
,
null
