Hefeng Wang
材料科学技术（英）
The Nitrogen-doped TiO2 (N{TiO2) coatings were fabricated on 304 austenitic stainless steel (SS) substrates by oxidation of titanium nitride coatings, which were prepared by plasma surface alloying technique. Microstructural investigation, corrosion tests and antibacterial tests were conducted to study the properties of N-TiO2 coatings. Composition analysis shows that the SS substrates were shielded by the N-TiO2 coatings entirely. The N-TiO2 coatings are anatase in structure as characterized by X-ray diffraction. The corrosion properties of N-TiO2 coated SS samples in Hanks' solution were investigated by a series of tests. The electrochemical measurements indicate that the corrosion potential positively shifts from -0.275 V for untrated SS to -0.267 V for N-TiO2, while the corrosion current density decreases from 1.3×10-5 A/cm2 to 4.1×10-6/cm2. The corrosion resistance obtained by fitting the impedance spectra also reveals that the N-TiO2 coatings provide good protection for SS substrate against corrosion in Hanks' solution. Electrochemistry noise tests indicate that the N{TiO2 coatings effectively retard the local pitting and crevice corrosion of the SS substrate. The results of the antibacterial test reveal that N-TiO2 coatings give 304 austenitic SS an excellent antibacterial property.
关键词:
Titanium dioxide
Hefeng Wang
材料科学技术（英）
The Nitrogen-doped TiO2 (N{TiO2) coatings were fabricated on 304 austenitic stainless steel (SS) substrates by oxidation of titanium nitride coatings, which were prepared by plasma surface alloying technique. Microstructural investigation, corrosion tests and antibacterial tests were conducted to study the properties of N-TiO2 coatings. Composition analysis shows that the SS substrates were shielded by the N-TiO2 coatings entirely. The N-TiO2 coatings are anatase in structure as characterized by X-ray diffraction. The corrosion properties of N-TiO2 coated SS samples in Hanks' solution were investigated by a series of tests. The electrochemical measurements indicate that the corrosion potential positively shifts from -0.275 V for untrated SS to -0.267 V for N-TiO2, while the corrosion current density decreases from 1.3×10-5 A/cm2 to 4.1×10-6/cm2. The corrosion resistance obtained by fitting the impedance spectra also reveals that the N-TiO2 coatings provide good protection for SS substrate against corrosion in Hanks' solution. Electrochemistry noise tests indicate that the N{TiO2 coatings effectively retard the local pitting and crevice corrosion of the SS substrate. The results of the antibacterial test reveal that N-TiO2 coatings give 304 austenitic SS an excellent antibacterial property.
关键词:
Titanium dioxide
Minjiang Gao
材料科学技术（英）
Well-aligned TiO2 nanorod arrays (TNAs) were prepared on the pretreated quartz substrates. The effect of the pretreatment conditions on the growth of TNAs was systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). It is demonstrated that the pre-coating TiO2 crystal seeds on the substrates can greatly improve the growth orientation of TNAs. Rutile TiO2 crystal seeds induce the nucleation and growth of TNAs more preferably than the anatase TiO2 seeds. The growth density and diameter distribution of TNAs strongly depend on the TiO2 crystal seeds density. It is proved that TNAs with different morphologies can be controllably synthesized by using hydrothermal approach by pretreating substrates. The photocatalytic activity of TNAs was investigated by measuring the photodegradation rate of methyl blue aqueous solution under UV irradiation (254 nm). And the results show that TNAs with large growth density and small diameter size exhibit relatively higher photocatalytic activity.
关键词:
Titanium dioxide
Weichang HAO
,
Feng PAN
,
Tianmin WANG
,
Shukai ZHENG
材料科学技术（英）
The electrostatically self-assembly method is getting strategically important to prepare multilayer thin films. With careful choice of component materials, this method should allow for the preparation of multilayer thin films with a variety of excellent technological properties. TiO2/PSS multilayer thin films with ordered structure were prepared by electrostatic self-assembly method. UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atom force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the structure and performance of the multilayer films. Because electrostatically self-assembly method allows molecular-level control over the film composition and thickness, this paper studied the responding depth of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 self-assembled films in detail.
关键词:
Responding depth
,
null
,
null
,
null
G.K.R.Senadeera
,
J.M.R.C.Fern
材料科学技术（英）
Substituted thiophene sensitized, nanocrystalline TiO2-based quasi solid-state solar cells were fabricated by using either poly (3-thiophene acetic acid) (P3TAA) or a copolymer with poly (3-thiophene acetic acid)-poly (hexyl thiophene) (P3TAA-PHT) polymers and copper iodide (CuI) as a hole conducting material together with an ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) amide and lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfone) imide as additives for charge transport promotion. Dramatic enhancements in the cell performances were observed with the additives in CuI. While the cell sensitized with P3TAA generated a short-circuit photocurrent of ~1.45 mA•cm-2, an open-circuit photovoltage of ~345 mV with a total power conversion efficiency of ~0.3% under simulated full sunlight of 100 mW•cm-2 (air mass: 1.5), the cell sensitized with copolymer P3TAA-PHT delivered ~0.25% efficiency under the same conditions with ~1.23 mA•cm-2 as photocurrent and ~371 mV as photovoltage.
关键词:
Solar cells
,
cells
,
polymers
,
titanium
,
dioxide
杜玉
,
汤丹丹
,
张高科
,
吴晓勇
催化学报
doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(15)61015-4
传统的TiO2半导体光催化剂存在光谱响应范围窄、量子效率低及不易回收等不足,使其在实际应用中受到限制。通过离子掺杂、贵金属沉积和半导体复合等方法对TiO2进行改性可以拓展其光响应范围,其中半导体复合方法最为常用。复合半导体的特殊能带结构能够有效促进光生载流子的界面迁移,实现光生电荷的有效分离,提高光催化性能,且通过固定化或负载可改善TiO2的可回收利用性能。鉴于此,本文针对半导体TiO2的复合和负载制备及其光催化降解有机污染物的性能和反应机理进行了研究。采用条件温和、稳定的溶胶-凝胶法于低温制备出TiO2/海泡石复合物,通过浸渍和焙烧将Ag2O负载于其上,修饰和拓展了TiO2的可见光响应范围,最终获得了可见光响应、高效、稳定的Ag2O-TiO2/海泡石复合光催化剂。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、N2吸附-脱附和紫外-可见光光谱(UV-vis)等手段对其物理化学特性进行了表征。 XRD结果表明,复合样品中TiO2呈锐钛矿相和金红石相的混合晶相。 TEM结果表明,复合样品中存在Ag2O和TiO2两种组分,晶格条纹相互交叠形成了异质结结构。 UV-vis谱表明,与TiO2/海泡石相比, Ag2O-TiO2/海泡石复合光催化剂的吸收带边明显红移,展现了较强的可见光吸收能力。 N2吸附-脱附结果表明, Ag2O-TiO2/海泡石复合光催化剂具有较大的比表面积和介孔结构,这有助于增强催化剂对污染物的吸附能力并提供更多的复合位点。 ；以酸性红G为模拟污染废水,研究了焙烧温度和Ag2O负载量等制备条件对所制催化剂可见光催化性能的影响。结果表明,在可见光照射下,焙烧温度为200°C, Ag2O负载量为10%条件下制备的复合光催化剂对酸性红G的降解率为98%,与Ag2O-TiO2、Ag2O/海泡石和TiO2/海泡石等复合物相比, Ag2O-TiO2/海泡石复合光催化剂展现了优异的可见光催化性能。此外, Ag2O-TiO2/海泡石复合光催化剂同样能够在可见光条件下有效降解常见室内空气污染物甲醛,进一步证实了催化剂优异的光催化性能。化学荧光法和活性物种捕获实验表明,复合光催化剂降解有机污染物的活性基团主要是光生空穴和超氧自由基。催化剂能带结构分析表明, Ag2O和TiO2具有相匹配的能带结构,两者复合有利于光生载流子分离和迁移,增强催化剂光催化活性。海泡石作为光催化剂载体能够有效固载光催化成分,增加光催化剂有效表面积和活性位,有利于提高复合光催化剂的吸附性能和回收利用率。
关键词:
氧化银
,
二氧化钛
,
海泡石
,
异质结
,
可见光催化
,
酸性红G
,
光催化机理
冯海波
,
李亚萍
,
罗冬明
,
谭功荣
,
蒋剑波
,
袁惠敏
,
彭三军
,
钱东
催化学报
doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(15)61105-6
由于日益严重的环境和能源危机,可见光催化剂的开发已成为当今最具挑战和紧迫的任务之一.将 TiO2和其它窄禁带半导体复合,已被证明是一种有效的可提高其可见光光催化性能的策略. Cu2O是一种禁带宽度为2.0 eV的 p型窄禁带半导体, InVO4则是一种禁带宽度为2.0 eV的 n型半导体,因它们可用于可见光光解水产氢和有机污染物的可见光降解而在过去的数年中引起了人们广泛的关注.但是纯的 Cu2O和 InVO4由于光生电子空穴对在其内部快速地复合,光催化活性通常都比较低.基于能带工程的策略本文设计了一种新型的可见光响应的 InVO4-Cu2O-TiO2三元纳米异质结,并通过普通的湿化学法进行制备：先通过水热法制备 InVO4,再通过溶胶-凝胶法制备 InVO4-TiO2二元复合物,最后通过沉淀和还原过程制备得到 InVO4-Cu2O-TiO2三元纳米异质结.
在10%InVO4-40%Cu2O-50%TiO2三元纳米异质结的 X-射线衍射谱中没有观察到明显的杂质峰；通过透射电子显微技术和高分辨透射电子显微技术观察到了它们之间异质结的形成,纳米颗粒的尺寸范围在5?20 nm；经紫外可见漫反射光谱估算得到10%InVO4-40%Cu2O-50%TiO2的禁带宽度为2.78 eV,在可见光区域具有较强的吸收.以普通的9 W节能灯作为可见光光源光照甲基橙5 h后,纯的 InVO4, TiO2和 Cu2O几乎没有光催化活性；10%InVO4-90%TiO2的光催化活性也很低,甲基橙降解率为8%；70%Cu2O-30%TiO2对甲基橙降解率达84%,但初始活性较低；10%InVO4-40%Cu2O-50%TiO2对甲基橙降解率接近90%,并且循环使用6次后,其光催化活性的保持率还维持在90%以上,而50%Cu2O-50%TiO2光催化活性的保持率只有74%.
经对使用过的10%InVO4-40%Cu2O-50%TiO2进行 X射线光电子能谱表征发现,存在一弱小的 Cu(II)震动卫星峰,表明在 InVO4-Cu2O-TiO2的光催化过程中 Cu2O的光蚀并不严重.从能带工程的角度分析, InVO4-Cu2O-TiO2三元纳米异质结具有优异的可见光催化性能的主要原因为： InVO4的导带电极电位约为?0.5 eV(vs. SHE,下同),价带电位约为+1.5 eV, Cu2O的分别约为?1.6和+0.4 eV,与 TiO2(导带和价带电极电位分别约为?0.23和+2.97 eV)相比,它们的导带位置更负,将它们组装成三元复合结构,可见光激发的导带电子就可能从 InVO4和 Cu2O的导带迁移到 TiO2的导带上去.同时, n型的 TiO2和 InVO4都与 p型的 Cu2O形成 p-n异质结, n型的 TiO2和 InVO4之间形成 n-n异质结,由于 p-n异质结中内电场的存在以及不同能级相互耦合,可进一步促进可见光激发的导带电子从 InVO4和 Cu2O的导带迁移到 TiO2的导带上去,以及可见光激发的价带空穴从 InVO4的价带迁移到 Cu2O的价带上去,从而实现光生载流子空间上的有效分离.本文有望为新型可见光响应的半导体复合催化剂的设计和制备提供新的思路.
关键词:
钒酸铟
,
氧化亚铜
,
二氧化钛
,
纳米异质结
,
可见光
,
光催化降解
,
甲基橙
罗正维
,
江晖
,
胡龙志
,
李丹
,
耿文华
,
韦萍
催化学报
doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(14)60143-1
研究了N2/Ar介质阻挡放电处理对负载CuO的TiO2可见光光催化活性的影响.采用X射线衍射、紫外-可见分光吸收光谱、透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱和电子自旋共振进行了表征,详细考察了等离子改性参数包括气氛组成、处理时间和处理功率对改性效果的影响,并通过降解甲基橙溶液考察了可见光光催化活性.结果表明,最佳等离子处理条件为N2与Ar比例为8：2,处理时间为20 min,放电电流为1.0 A.最后,使用改性后的光催化剂对模拟含汞废水进行了处理.
关键词:
二氧化钛
,
等离子体
,
改性
,
氮掺杂
,
汞
安忠义
,
禚玉群
,
徐超
,
陈昌和
催化学报
doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(12)60726-8
以浸渍在不同晶相TiO2(金红石型(R)、锐钛矿型(A)和P25型(P))上的锰基催化剂为对象,研究了TiO2晶相对MnOx/TiO2催化剂催化NO氧化活性的影响.结果表明,MnOx/TiO2(P)催化剂活性最高,NO转化率在300℃及GHSV=20000 h-1条件下可达83％.各催化剂活性顺序为MnOx/TiO2(P)＞ MnOx/TiO2(A)＞ MnOx/TiO2(R).采用X射线粉末衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、H2程序升温还原和O2程序升温脱附等手段研究了TiO2晶相影响MnOx/TiO2催化剂催化活性的作用机理.结果表明,相比于A和R型TiO2,P型TiO2能够增加MnOx在其表面的分散度并抑制催化剂颗粒的团聚和粘连,且更有利于Mn2O3的生成,而后者催化NO氧化活性比其它MnOx更高;此外,P型TiO2可以增加MnOx尤其是Mn2O3的还原性,并可促进O2-从M3+-O键的脱附.
关键词:
一氧化氮氧化
,
锰氧化物
,
二氧化钛
,
晶型
,
污染控制
