Cui-Hong Li
,
Qi-Qiang Duan
,
Zhe-Feng Zhang
金属学报(英文版)
doi:10.1007/s40195-016-0371-8
A new parameter, i.e., tearing toughness, was employed to characterize the mechanical properties of some ductile metals (Cu, Cu-2 wt% Be, Cu-Al alloys, and some steels) by using three-leg trousers tearing tests. The experimental results demonstrate that their tearing toughness is not a physical constant and shows a close relationship with the materials’ types and microstructures. It can be inferred that the tearing toughness of different ductile metals has their respective variation range, expectantly, and may be represented by the comprehensive mechanical properties of strength and ductility for various ductile materials.
关键词:
Ductile
,
metals
,
Strength
,
Ductility
,
Tearing
,
toughness
Zhong HAN
,
Yusheng ZHANG
材料科学技术（英）
Nanostructured (ns) materials, i.e., polycrystalline materials with grain sizes in the nanometer regime (typically below 100 nm), have drawn considerable attention in the past decades due to their unique properties such as high strength and hardness. Wear resistance of ns materials, one of the most important properties for engineering materials, has been extensively investigated in the past decades. Obvious differences have been identified in friction and wear behaviors between the ns materials and their corresponding coarse-grained (cg) counterparts, consistently correlating with their unique structure characteristics and mechanical properties. On the other hand, the superior tribological properties of ns materials illustrate their potential applications under contact loads. The present overview will summarize the important progresses achieved on friction and wear behaviors of ns metallic materials, including ultrafine-grained (ufg) materials in recent years. Tribological properties and effects on friction and wear behaviors of ns materials will be discussed under different wear conditions including abrasive wear, sliding wear, and fretting wear. Their correlations with mechanical properties will be analyzed. Perspectives on development of this field will be highlighted as well.
关键词:
Nanostructured metals
,
metals
,
Friction
,
Wear
,
Mech
Journal of Materials Research
In this article, we investigated the defects introduced by surface mechanical attrition treatment by Doppler-broadening spectroscopy of positron annihilation radiation in surface-nanostructured 316L stainless steel. Through the measurement of different thinning layers in the samples treated for 15 min, the slope of line shape parameter S versus wing parameter W curves showed three different values with depth responding to the change of defect configuration. An unusual change of S and W parameters near the surface was mainly from the effect of quantum-dot-like state caused by the formation of nanoparticles. Based on the change of S similar to W with depth, the martensite phase transformation induced by strain could be estimated to occur within a depth of 35 mu m.
关键词:
metals
W.H.Qi
金属学报(英文版)
To modify the shape difference between the spherical vacancy and the realistic vacancy, a shape factor is introduced into Brooks’ vacancy model. It is shown that the modified model is more efficient in predicting the vacancy volume of metals than the original one, and the calculated vacancy volumes of 17 metals by the modified model agree with the values reported in literatures. Furthermore, the present results show that the vacancy shape may contribute 2% to the whole vacancy volume.
关键词:
vacancy volume
,
null
,
null
罗洪峰
,
吴晶
,
陈维平
材料科学与工艺
为获得铝液腐蚀工况下金属材料的选用原则，运用静态铝液浸没腐蚀试验，研究了QT350、HT300、H13、Cr13、Ta、Mo在铝液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明：所选金属材料在试验条件下均与铝液反应生成金属间化合物层；所选金属材料在铝液中的平均腐蚀深度由高到低依次为QT350、H13、Cr13、HT300、Ta、Mo，难熔金属Ta、Mo具有优异的耐铝液腐蚀性能；QT350、HT300、H13、Cr13腐蚀后表面形成大量点状蚀坑，其在铝液中的腐蚀为非均匀腐蚀；Ta、Mo腐蚀后表面平整，其在铝液中的腐蚀为均匀腐蚀。
关键词:
金属材料
,
铝液
,
金属间化合物
,
腐蚀速率
,
腐蚀形貌
陈君
,
李全安
,
张清
,
付三玲
,
陈晓亚
材料热处理学报
研究TC4钛合金、Hastelloy C-276合金、Inconel 625合金和Monel K500合金与316不锈钢对磨时在纯水和模拟海水下的摩擦磨损行为,评价海水腐蚀环境对几种耐海水腐蚀材料耐磨性的影响以及316不锈钢与几种金属配副的磨损行为.结果表明,四对摩擦配副在纯水润滑条件下的摩擦系数明显大于其在海水润滑条件下的摩擦系数,海水具有较好的润滑作用.在腐蚀磨损过程中,腐蚀磨损交互作用量占总腐蚀磨损量的比例ΔV/V为45％ ～ 86％,表明在海水环境下腐蚀与磨损的交互作用不可忽视.与不同金属对磨时,316不锈钢对偶材料的磨损量表现出不同的趋势,这可能与摩擦过程中存在的电偶腐蚀有关.
关键词:
金属材料
,
腐蚀磨损
,
交互作用
,
海水
张海龙
,
李祥平
,
齐剑英
,
陈永亨
,
方建德
环境化学
doi:10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2015.06.2014120904
以广东某垃圾焚烧炉为研究对象，应用富集因子法、主成分分析法对其周边环境空气中金属（ Fe、Al、Mg、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ba、Pb、Cr、Ni、Bi和Cd）含量及来源进行分析．结果如下：研究区域环境空气中各金属含量（各点均值）（ng·m－3）为：Fe （1092—3487）＞ Al（939—3126）＞ Mg（716—1339）＞ Cu （63．4—995）＞ Zn （227—427）＞Mn（162—291．1）＞Ba（61．4—372）＞Pb（21．9—41．8）＞ Cr（12．3—25．7）＞Ni （5．70—15．5）＞ Bi （0．70—1．22）＞Cd （0．42—0．82）．相关分析和主成分分析发现，研究区域Fe与Ni、Cr、Mn、Ba主要来自于焚烧炉释放， Zn、Cd、Pb、Bi和Cu则来自于研究区域周边的交通污染源，而Al和Mg则主要来自于地壳或土壤背景值．
关键词:
垃圾焚烧
,
环境空气
,
金属
,
富集因子
